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When Rohit and Kohli Paused Time and Reminded Us of Their Magic

At 3:30 AM, I woke up with a jolt. First instinct: check Cricinfo. Were Kohli and Rohit still batting? Had I overslept my the innings-break nap?

Kohli was in the 20s, Rohit nearing his fifty. Phew. Relief. Breathe. They were still alive.

With one eye half-shut and one thumb on Twitter, I watched the duo bat on, one ball at a time.

At 4:47 AM, Rohit brought up his century, moments after Kohli reached his 50. Kohli gave him a hug. Both smiled. The crowd erupted. For that moment, the world seemed to pause. As if nothing else mattered.


Through the series, I celebrated each run, every fist bump, every catch and dive of Rohit and Kohli. My dad and brother would talk before and during each game as if the world’s luck depended on us.

I’d pray that India win the toss and bat. And shut off the TV after Kohli’s ducks.

But why was I acting like this? Growing up, you wouldn’t called me RoKo’s #1 fan. I used to watch every ball of any international game, follow all the T20 leagues, and stay up for a Bangladesh-Zimbabwe Test. So, why did this meaningless ODI bilateral series suddenly matter so much?


Maybe it was the realization that the end is near. Maybe because Australia appreciated these two players and knew how to give a proper farewell.

Both Kohli and Rohit retired from T20Is after winning the T20 World Cup. Expected.

Both retired from Tests. Slightly unexpected.

Then Rohit was replaced by Gill as ODI captain. Shocking. Questions started to murmur: Are they going to make it two more years? Will every series be an examination? Why is Jaiswal waiting in the wings?

And then Kohli scored two consecutive ducks for the first time in his career and waved goodbye to his beloved Adelaide supporters. All hell broke loose. Was the 3rd ODI going to be his last? Is his form dropping off the cliff? Was our childhood finally coming to an end?


We have seen transitions before. Father Time waits for no one.

Gavaskar and Kapil faded, Tendulkar and Dravid retired, Dhoni left (kinda). With each passing generation, India found new heroes, leaving behind a tinge of nostalgia for the past.

But for that one hour and seventeen minutes, Father Time paused, letting Rohit and Kohli shine, giving us a glimpse of what two upcoming emotional years could look like.

The post-match interviews ended. The sun rose. I drifted back to sleep. Time had moved on, but the memory of that morning will stay with me forever.


Thank you all for reading!

This is part of a new series of short articles, all under 500 words, where I try to make every word count. This one ended up at 429 words.

“The King Is About to Arrive”

I will leave you with these pieces of commentary gold from SEN cricket.

Also Read:

BCD#404 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 10/27/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Broken Cricket Dreams with appropriate and specific direction to the original content (i.e. linked to the exact post/article).

Economics of Women’s Cricket: How Australia’s $65 Million Investment Gives Them an Edge Over the Rest of the World

How far ahead is the Australian women’s cricket ecosystem compared to the rest of the world?

In the ongoing Women’s ODI World Cup, Australia were 76/7 against Pakistan, and for a moment, it seemed that the favorites might fall.

But in true Australian fashion, Beth Mooney’s magnificent century, Kim Garth grit at #9, and Alana King’s fiery 51* turned it into a 107-run victory. Earlier, Ash Gardner had rescued them with 115 (83) from #6 and later repeated the feat alongside Sutherland against England.

Add seven ODI and six T20 World Cup victories, the picture is clear: What other nations have built in the last five years, Australia have been perfecting for over 50.

How far behind are the rest, and can we actually quantify the health of women’s cricket across the top nations?

Let’s find out.

Key Takeaways

  • Australia ($19.56 M), England ($15.02 M), India ($2.37 M), and New Zealand ($2.27 M) spend the most on women cricketers’ salaries (both central contracts and domestic combined).
  • Cricket Australia aims to generate $121 million in revenue alone from women’s cricket by 2024. On the other hand, nations like South Africa, Ireland, and Bangladesh are just now starting to professionalize domestic cricket.
  • Despite leading women’s cricket in pay, Australian women still earn far less than the men: $139,719 AUD vs $951,046 AUD in 2023–24 average retainer value.

Table of Contents

Also Read: Who Can Still Afford to Host Test Cricket in 2025?

How I Assessed Cricket Boards’ Financial Commitment and Long-Term Vision for Women’s Cricket

To understand the full picture of each cricket board’s investment in women’s cricket, I examined the following factors for the top women’s cricket boards:

  1. Long-term investment in girls’ and women’s sports
  2. Salaries of centrally contracted players
  3. Number of contracted female players (both international & domestic)
  4. Performance in ICC tournaments*
  5. Socioeconomic indicators. These include UN/WHO metrics such as
    • Female Labor Force participation: % of women actively employed or seeking work
    • Female Literacy Rate: Share of women who can read and write at a certain level
    • Global Inequality Index: Measures income and opportunity gaps affecting women
    • Women, Peace, & Security Index (WPSI): Assesses women’s safety, inclusion, and empowerment

After analyzing these factors, I grouped the nations into five categories:

  • 🟢 Strongly Invested: Australia, England
  • 🟡 Progressing: New Zealand, India
  • 🟠 Transitioning from amateur to professional: South Africa, Ireland, West Indies, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan
  • 🟣 Emerging: Scotland, Zimbabwe
  • 🔴 At Risk: Afghanistan

*Includes the 2022 Commonwealth Games along with 13 ODI World Cups and 9 T20 World Cups.

My Theory on Women’s Economics in Cricket

In the The Economics of Sport Dominance article, I theorized how a nation evolves from a single-nation sport into a multi-nation and Olympic dominating nation based on GDP per capita, Global Hunger Index, and poverty rate.

We can apply a similar framework to women’s sports. For a nation to rise in women’s sport, certain base needs must be met: A female literacy rate of at least 60-80%, female labor force participation rate above 40-50%, and no government restrictions on women (unlike Afghanistan).

7 Steps of Achieving Sustainability in Women’s Cricket

Once these prerequisites are achieved, a cricket board typically progresses through seven steps:

  1. Professionalize the Base: Create contracts, domestic leagues, and comprehensive player support to elevate ‘amateur’ players, allowing them to focus on cricket rather than juggling other jobs.
  2. Have a Catalyst Moment: A breakthrough win or tournament performance that sparks interest (ex: India’s 2017 ODI World Cup run).
  3. Institutionalize Momentum: Build grassroots pathways and scholarship programs to build on the momentum from the initial spark.
  4. Build Systems: Invest in coaching, leadership, administration as well as grown fans of women’s cricket and increase sponsorships.
  5. Deepen Talent Pool: Expand local tournaments, scouting networks to increase depth so women’s cricket does not only depend on one ‘golden generation’.
  6. Expand International Exposure and Raise Standards: Create domestic T20 league, invest in emerging, A, and U-19 tours, and raise standards for new batch of players.
  7. Achieve Profitability and Re-invest: At this stage, both the talent pool and the audience have matured. Domestic leagues, sponsorships, TV rights are set. Money is flowing in and being re-invested into local talent and systems built earlier, which outputs in increased depth and better tournament performance.
Flow chart of how women's sport progresses in a nation describing economics of women's cricket.

Top 10 Richest Women Cricket Boards (By Overall Salary)

Alright, now time for the reveal.

Here are the cricketing nations ranked loosely by estimated salaries for women’s cricketers (central contracts and domestic cricketers combined). We also look at investment trajectory, strategic vision, and recent grassroots development.

Note: Salaries and match fee information of some emerging nations were not available. Also, Women CPL salary information was not publicly available, so they are not used for this analysis.

1. Australia ($19.56 million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟢 Exceptionally Strong
10-Year Investment Trajectory: Grow women’s cricket revenue $21M AUD ($13.66M USD) to $121M AUD ($78.72M USD) by 2034.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*$333,333 AUD ($216,873 USD)

excluding match fees
$120,000 AUD ($78,074 USD)

incl. WNCL, WBBL, match fees
Maximum Salary$800,000 AUD ($520,495 USD)
$500,000 AUD ($325,000 USD) for next 6
$163,322 AUD ($106,260 USD)
Number of Players18 central contracts131 across 7 teams
(including the 18 central)
Match Fees$2,000 AUD/match dayIncluded in average
  • 1 $AUD = $0.65 USD, WNCL – Women’s National Cricket League, WBBL – Women’s Big Bash League

Highest Paid WPL Australian Player Breakdown: In 2024, Ash Gardner earned an estimated $831,951 USD (or $1.28 million AUD) annually across WPL ($380,000 USD), The Hundred ($86,613), central contract/WBBL ($325,000), and match fees ($40,338 USD/$62,000 AUD), not including awards, bonuses, or sponsorships.

She played 31 days of international cricket: 1 Test (3 days), 12 ODIs, and 16 T20Is in 2024.

Australia’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 61.7%
  • WPSI: 0.902 (#11)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 99%
  • Gender Inequality Index: 0.056 (#20)

Do they have a T20 league? Yes, WBBL.

Tournament Performance: 19/23 (14 Wins, 5 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: Australia’s high socioeconomic index and investment in women’s cricket is unparalleled, directly translating into high salaries, strong grassroots participation, team depth, and World Cup success.

Potential Challenges: Australia are in a unique place, culturally. They have an abundance of sports culture and women in sports. Hence, the main challenge I see for Australia is retaining cricket as the #1 sport for young girls aspire to pick up.

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2034 Strategic Vision (Women and Girls Action Plan 2024-34)

Australia’s vision for girls’ and women’s cricket is divided into 3 phases:

  • Horizon 1 (2024-27): Accelerate participation.
  • Horizon 2 (2027-30): Establish cricket as a sport of choice for women and girls.
  • Horizon 3 (2030-34): Become Australia’s leading women’s sport by revenue, team performance and pay.

2034 Targets

  • Girls (5-12) Participation → 100,000 (from 25,000 currently)
  • Average women’s match attendance → 600,000 (from 110,000)
  • 80% of women’s matches telecasted in primetime
  • 40% of women in leadership roles
  • $500 million AUD invested in infrastructure
  • Revenue from women’s cricket → $121M AUD (from $21M)

Quotes from Action Plan and Annual Report

“…some of our girls who are playing in India earn significant amounts of money in the WPL, and on top of this deal now, they will become million-dollar athletes. And so they should because they’re the best in the world at what they do.

-Todd Greenberg, CEO Australia Cricketers’ Association

“We are also exceptionally proud that following the last MOU, our elite players are by far the highest paid female team sport athletes in Australia.

Investment & Grassroots Growth

  • Registered women/girls: 47,000 → 80,000 (2014-24)
  • 2023-24 season: +18% to 93,091 registered players, including 44% rise in school competitions
  • ~$100M AUD ($65 M USD) invested in facilities over last 10 years.
  • CommBank’s Growing Cricket for Girls Fund supported 4,408 girls aged 5-18
  • Weber WBBL: Most-watched sports league in Oct-Nov.

How we estimated salaries for Australian women cricketers

We estimated the average salary for an Australian contracted player as follows:

  • According to the 2023–28 MOU, the average retainer for centrally contracted women’s cricketers was $139,719 AUD, which rose ~8% to $150,897 AUD the next year.
  • Adding the estimated average WBBL salary of $48,800 AUD brings most players’ total earnings to about $200,000 AUD.
  • When accounting for top earners, the squad-wide average rises to roughly $333,000 AUD, with the top player at $800,000 AUD and the next six around $500,000–$600,000 AUD.

Sources

Also Read: What is the Salary of women cricketers in the WBBL in Australia?

Embed from Getty Images

2. England ($15.02 Million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟢 Exceptionally Strong
5-Year Investment Trajectory: The ECB plans to invest £20-25 Million ($27-33M USD) annually in women’s cricket by end of the decade.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Salary Range£90,000-£130,000
($118,600-$171,250)
Minimum (Tier 1): £33,333
Average (Tier 1): £53,333
Number of Players20

17 Central
3 Development
270+ across 18 teams

120+ Tier 1 players (8 Counties)
150+ Tier 2 players (10 Counties)
Match Fees£12,500 (Test)
£5,000 (ODI)
£3,500 (T20I)
N/A

Tier 1 counties include Durham, Essex, Hampshire, Lancashire, Nottinghamshire, Somerset, Surrey, and Warwickshire with Yorkshire to join in 2026 and Glamorgan in 2027.

  • £1 = $1.33 USD
  • The salary cap for Tier 1 counties is £500,000-£800,000, and a minimum of 15 contracted players are required for each Tier 1 county. The average domestic salary otherwise is £25,000, with £28,000 for senior pro level and £20,000 for Rookie level.
  • Note: Although 270+ players play across the domestic system, only 153 are supported by official domestic contracts.

Highest Paid WPL England Player Breakdown: England captain Nat Sciver-Brunt earns around $931,978 annually excluding sponsorships, match awards and bonuses:

  • $426,000 (£320,000): WPL
  • ~ $173,077 (£130,000): England central contract
  • $187,722 (£141,000): Match fees (2024: 2 Tests, 12 ODIs, 16 T20Is)
  • $86,539 (£65,000): The Hundred
  • ~ $58,640 ($90,000 AUD): WBBL, Gold

England’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation (UK): 57.3%
  • WPSI: 0.860 (#26)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 99%
  • Gender Inequality Index: 0.083 (#31)

Do they have a T20 league? Yes, The Women’s Hundred.

Tournament Performance: Number of ICC Trophies/Commonwealth: 17/23 (5 Wins, 12 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: England’s women’s cricket is thriving. From leading the charge in the equal pay movement & the Women’s Hundred revolution to investing in domestic cricket & nationwide grassroots push, women’s cricket is in good place in England.

Potential Challenges: Although England has invested in the grassroots level, their social progress has not directly translated into tournament wins. Increasing salaries in the Women’s Hundred and increasing the standard of domestic cricket will hopefully lead them to create dominance like the Australian dynasties.

Embed from Getty Images

Targets & Forecasts

Domestic Investment

  • +£19M per year investment in women’s domestic cricket by 2027.
  • +£25M investment annually above forecasted revenues by 2029.

Equity Commitments (ICEC Report 2023)

The 2023 Independent Commission for Equity in Cricket (ICEC) recommended the following:

  • Equal match fees for men and women ✅ (implemented in 2023)
  • Equal domestic pay by 2029
  • 100% equal international salary parity by 2030
  • Other Recommendations: Parity in Hundred salaries, captain’s allowances, win bonuses, introduction of Rookie Contracts, merit-based and inclusive talent pathway, financial aid, and more

Investment & Grassroots Growth

  • £1.2 million invested in a network of 100 Cricket Development Officers
  • Core City Hubs Programme: 285 hubs across 13 cities, engaging 30,000 players including 9,000 women and girls
  • £3.7M public funding from ESC Lottery fund, of which £850,000 was allocated for for Tacking inequality – Womens and Girls and £101,000 for “Female Talent Pathway”

Participation & Engagement (2023)

  • 20% growth in women’s and girls’ teams from 2022 to 2023.
  • 717 new women’s & girls’ teams
  • 26,752 girls participated in Stars and Dynamos
  • 7.4 million total audience for women’s cricket across formats
  • 140% increase in women’s international (122,000) and 167% increase in viewership of Women’s Test
  • 349,401 attended the 2025 The Women’s Hundred
  • +3000 bursaries (scholarships) to “enable individuals, especially women, ethnically diverse individuals, and disabled people, to qualify as coaches.”
  • 538% increase in women’s professional players from 2020 to 2025

Quotes from PCA Women Impact Report

For years I had a full-time job alongside playing top level domestic cricket as an amateur. The progress made in the past five years has been astounding…”

-Eve Jones, Lancashire

“A key priority for the players was agreeing a maternity policy which supports those wishing to start a family whilst still playing the game. The ECB were supportive of the policy and in 2025 now provide a fully paid maternity leave period of up to 12 months, with a 12-month contract extension for players returning from maternity leave.”

How We Estimated Salaries for England women cricketers

  • 120 Tier 1 players * £53,333 average = £6,399,960
  • 150 Tier 2 players × £20,000 = £3,000,000
  • 20 central contracts × £110,000 = £2,200,000
  • Subtract overlapping County pay (20 * £53,333)
  • Adding everything up, England spends about £11,283,300 on player salaries, or about $15.02 million.

Sources

Also Read: What is the Salary of women cricketers in The Hundred (Women’s) in England?, How Much Debt Does Each County Owe?, I Read Every County Cricket Club’s Financials—Fascinating Revelations!

3. New Zealand ($2.27 Million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟡 Financially Improving, fewer resources
5-Year Investment Trajectory: NZC short-term focus is on developing young cricketers and increasing financial sustainability with TV rights and free-to-air opportunities for women’s cricket.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*$152,796 NZD
($87,859 USD)
$18,646 NZD
($10,722 USD)
Maximum Salary$163,246 NZD
($93,868)
$19,146 NZD
($11,009 USD)
Number of Players1772 players across 6 teams
Match Fees$85,700 NZD*
(included in salary)
$13,750 NZD*
(included in salary)
  • $1 NZD = $0.58 USD
  • The salary for the Rank 1 player breakdown: $63,000 (Retainer), $85,700 (Match Fees), $6,750 (CPPT), $6,300 (Retirement Fund), Insurance ($1,496)
  • Match fees and CPPT is the same for all White Ferns contracts; only retainer and retirement fund fluctuate by ranking
  • CPPT: Cricket Players’ Property Trust
  • Match Fees Includes:
    • $10,250 (Test – which White Ferns have not played for 20+ years)
    • $4000 (ODI), $2500 (T20I)
    • $800 (Domestic ODI), $575 (Domestic T20)

Highest Paid New Zealand WPL Player breakdown: Amelia Kerr earns about $435,755 annually excluding bonuses, match awards, and sponsorships. In 2024, she earned around $582,960 with the 2024 T20 WC prize money.

  • $192,000: WPL
  • $147,203 ($256,000 NZD): 2024 T20 World Cup prize money
  • $86,539 (£65,000): The Hundred
  • $85,545 ($148,946 NZD): Salary (retainer + match fees)
  • ~ $71,671 ($110,000 AUD): WBBL, Platinum

Kerr played in 9 ODIs and 21 T20Is in 2024.

New Zealand’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 66.9%
  • WPSI: 0.904 (#10)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 99%
  • Gender Inequality Index: 0.082 (#30)

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 8/23 (2 Wins, 6 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: The 2024 T20 World Cup win boosted the White Ferns, and they have recently focused on developing grassroots cricket. However, compared to the Big 3, they do not have nearly as much participation in girls cricket or financial investment in women’s cricket.

Potential Challenges: As the senior pros head towards retirement, NZ need to focus on increasing their talent depth. They do well with the resources they currently have, but risk falling behind with the lack of resources.

Embed from Getty Images

Equity Commitments

The landmark agreement between NZC, New Zealand Cricket Players Association (NZCPA), and Major Associations in 2022 yielded the following:

  • Equal match fees for men and women on the same day
  • Player payments based on 29.75% of NZC’s projected commercial revenue over 5 years (NZ$349m), expected to total NZ$104M.
  • Prioritizes growth in participation of women and girls, leveraging free-to-air TVNZ coverage.

“At domestic level we increased the number of women’s annual contracts awarded by 30% to further invest in the development of our pipeline…As a result, cricket is becoming the most attractive professional sport in the country for young female athletes…The 15-strong squad who contested the World Cup final received circa NZ$256,000 in prize money each, on top of their annual retainers and match fees.”

Investment & Grassroots Growth

  • Average Live Audience for White Fern matches → 190,000 in 2020/21 (from 31,000 in 2016/17)
  • Around 821,000 people watched at least one of 20 Women’s Super Smash matches
  • Youth & Grassroots Programs: ‘Girls Smash’ (7-13), ‘Yeah! Girls’ (10-17)
    • In Otago alone, about 124 teams of girls took place in Girls Smash. Wellington, Marlborough, and Canterbury followed with over 1,000 girls involved now.
  • Around 43,596 females participated in 2020-21 before the Covid-19 dropoff to 26,321 the next year
  • Aspiring Female Umpire & Pathway to Performance Programs: 20 coaches/umpires trained in 2023-24, 12 women promoted to Head or Assistance Coach roles in the 2024 National U-19 Women’s Tournament, 15 new female coaches developed through Cricket Wellington Women & Girls Coaching Course
  • Female Leadership Initiatives: Leadership Development Contestable Fund, other leadership programs for women and girls

How We Estimated Salaries for White Ferns central contracts:

  • NZC lays out the salary bands of players based on different rankings:
    • Rank 1 – $163,246
    • Rank 9 – $148,946
    • Rank 17 – $142,346
  • However, it does not layout the rankings in the middle so we take the average between the highest and lowest for this average: ($163,246+$142,346)/2 = $152,796.
  • Combining both domestic and central contracts, NZCricket spends around $2.27 million on player salaries
    • ($152,796 * 17) + ($18,646 * 72) = $3,940,044 NZD ($2,265,565 USD)

Sources

Also Read: Universe Conspires to Fulfill Devine’s Destiny

4. India ($2.37 Million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟡 Financially Stable, Lacking Vision
10-Year Investment Trajectory: BCCI spends around $10-11 million per-year on women’s domestic cricket, which means they will spend more than $100M in a 10-year cycle on women’s cricket.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary22,50,000 INR ($25,628)191,441 INR* ($2181)
Maximum Salary50,00,000 INR ($56,932)N/A
Number of Players161072 across 31 teams
Match Fees15,00,000 INR (Test)
6,00,000 INR (ODI)
3,00,000 INR (T20I)
20,000 INR/match
10,000 INR (bench)
  • 1 INR = $0.01 USD ($1 = 87.8 INR)
  • Salary Grades: 50 Lakh (Grade A), 30 Lakh (B), 10 Lakh (C)

Highest Paid Indian WPL Player breakdown: Smriti Mandhana earns about $757,420 annually before sponsorships, match awards, or bonuses.

  • $387,138 (3.4 Crore INR): WPL
  • $184,460: Match Fees (In 2024, Mandhana played 1 Test, 13 ODIs, and 23 T20Is).
  • $86,539 (£65,000): The Hundred
  • $56,932: Central Contract
  • $42,351 ($65,000 AUD): WBBL, Silver

India’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 32.8%
  • WPSI: 0.595 (#128)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 65.8%
  • Gender Inequality Index: 0.403 (#102)

Do they have a T20 league? Yes, WPL.

Tournament Performance: 4/23 (0 Wins, 4 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: As the financial powerhouse of world cricket, India is pouring money into the WPL and have thousands of women cricketers playing in the domestic circuit. However, there seems to be a lack of longterm vision and systemic grassroots growth.

Potential Challenges: India’s main challenge will be navigating an evolving socioeconomic landscape and create a better cricket infrastructure for more girls to participate.

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Women Premier League (WPL) and Domestic Tournament Financials

Note: The next little bit is just finances. Feel free to scroll down to Jay Shah’s tweets or South Africa section.

Surplus form WPL 2023: 377.50 Crore INR ($42,984,000)

Income (682.61 Crore INR – $77.7 Million)

  • Media Rights Income: 162.15 Crore INR
  • Franchise Consideration: 467.00 Crore INR
  • Sponsors: 48.17 Crore INR
  • Ticket Sales: 5.29 Crore INR

WPL Expenses (305.11 Crore INR – $34.7 Million)

  • League Expenses: 38.46 Crore, Payments to Franchises/Rights: 141.08 Crore, Prize Money: 20.25 Crore
  • Match Expenses: 6.70 Crore, Medals/Balls/Kits/Clothing: 1.93 Crore, Consultancy Fees: 1.91 Crore
  • Opening/Closing Ceremony: 27.17 Crore , Administrative/Other Expensive: 54.95 Crore, Security: 8.84 Crore

Women’s Domestic Expenses (89.82 Crore INR – $10.2 Million)

  • Women’s International Tours
    • Australia Women’s Tour to India: 15.53 Crore, England W tour to India: 9.39 Crore
    • England A Women’s tour: 1.98 Crore
    • Women’s Emerging Asia Cup: 1.7 Crore, Women’s Tour to Bangladesh: 5.91 Crore, Women’s Asian Games: 2.22 Crore

Note: According to Times of India, about 96 Crore INR is budgeted for women’s domestic cricket in the 2025/26 BCCI budget. We have not been able to find the BCCI budget, but it is close to the 89.82 Crore INR from BCCI’s 2023/24 annual report.

Strategic Vision

Apart from match fees pay equity and annual financial reports, I did not find any strategic visions or 5 to 10-year plans from BCCI like Australia, England, or New Zealand have neatly presented.

Hence, I looked at Jay Shah’s tweets to see his vision for women cricket and grassroots development in India.

How We Estimated Average Domestic Indian Women Cricket Salaries

  • There are two major tournaments: Senior Women’s T20 Trophy and Senior Women’s ODI Trophy. In both tournaments, teams play about 7 matches in group-stages and can further qualify to pre-quarters, quarters, semi-finals, and finals.
  • 1072 women cricketers are named in the Senior Women T20 Squad for the 31 teams, averaging 34.58 players per team. This means 11 players will play each match and about 23.6 players will be on the bench.
  • Playing XI earns 20,000 INR: 11 * 20,000 = 220,000. Bench earns 10,000: 23.6 *10,000 = 236,000
  • Hence, each team pays their players about 456,000 INR per match on average.
  • If teams do not qualify, the tournament spend on salary is 456,000 * 14 = 6,348,000 INR. If qualifying teams play ~ 16 matches, the total is close to 7,296,000 INR. From the 31 teams, if 8 qualify and 23 do not, we can estimate the total cost as follows: (8*7,296,000) + (23*6,348,000) = 205,200,000/1072 = 191,441 INR per player per season.
  • Overall, the BCCI pays its central contract holders about 3.6 Crore INR and about 20.5 Crore INR to its domestic players, for a total of 20.8 Crore INR (or $2.37 million total) excluding match fees for international players.

Sources

Also Read: WPL23 Auction Takeaways

5. South Africa

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 Have vision, but in the process of professionalizing
Investment Trajectory: South Africa government investment 15M ZAR ($USD 869,000) in women’s cricket in the lead-up to the 2023 T20 World Cup and the U-19 T20 WC.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*N/AN/A
Number of Players15

68
(plus 17 high performance and academy contracts)
Match FeesTest: $6,925
ODI: $1,900
T20I: $911
N/A
  • 1 ZAR = $0.06 USD ($1 = 17.23 ZAR)
  • Unfortunately, there is no publicly available information of how much the central contracts are worth for women’s cricketers in South Africa. The match fees is from ESPNCricinfo’s 2017 report and may be outdated. CSA now provides equal match fee for both their women’s and men’s cricketers.

Highest Paid South African WPL Player breakdown: Marizanne Kapp earns between $400,000-$480,000 annually before sponsorships, etc. Here is the breakdown:

  • $170,800 (1.5 Crore INR): WPL
  • $86,539 (£65,000): The Hundred
  • ~ $71,671 ($110,000 AUD): WBBL, pre-signed
  • ~ $51,226: Match Fees
  • $20,000-$100,000: Central Contract

South Africa’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 53%
  • WPSI: 0.688 (#91)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 94.5%
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.388 (#95)

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 3/23 (1 Wins, 2 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: South Africa have produced world-class cricketers in the last few years, but women’s domestic cricket is just becoming professional. Hosting the 2023 T20 World Cup created a cycle of investment in women’s cricket according to the Nielsen report. They are now focusing on investing in women’s domestic and junior level cricket to complete the transition from amateur to professionalization.

Potential Challenges: Making the finals of the 2023 and 2024 T20 World Cups was no easy feat, but can they sustain the momentum once the golden generation retires?

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Strategic Goals

  • Professionalize women’s cricket in South Africa
  • Strengthen feeder systems with the Emerging Women’s Team.

Investment & Grassroots Growth

Excerpts from Integrated Report 2024/25

“…the continued professionalisation of the women’s game through the appointment of a permanent head coach marks a landmark achievement.

-Rihan Richards, President (CSA)

Focus on women’s cricket: Significant attention was given on advancing the growth and professionalisation of women’s cricket. The committee supported increased investment in domestic women’s structures, advocated for broader enhanced media coverage and commercial partnerships and the integration of former women players in strategic discussions, reflecting CSA’s commitment to transformation and gender inclusivity.”

Sources

6. West Indies ($1-2 Million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 Increasing Investments
10-Year Investment Trajectory: In 2023, CWI announced they would start significant investments in women’s cricket. For example, business class flights for long-haul travels and single rooms for international assignments were added to match the men’s team policy, adding $500,000 in budget alone.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*$50,000-$100,000N/A
Number of Players15
(3 with multi-year contracts)
14
(Women’s academy)
Match FeesODI: $2,300
T20I: $1,735
N/A

Highest Paid West Indian WPL Player breakdown: Deandra Dottin earned approximately $269,200 in 2023-24. She had retired from international cricket, so no salary estimate is added.

  • $193,569 (1.7 Crore INR): WPL
  • $42,351 ($65,000 AUD) – $71,671 ($110,000 AUD): WBBL
  • $33,284 (£25,000) – 2023 Hundred

West Indies played about 7 ODIs and 16 T20Is in 2024, which could add an additional $43,860 in match fees for those who played on top of the central contract.

West Indies’ Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 62.9% (St. Lucia), 61.3% (Jamaica), 59.7% (Barbados), 49.7% (T & T), 40.3% (Guyana)
  • WPSI: 0.779 #47 (Barbados), 0.769 #49 (Guyana), 0.721 #71 (T & T), 0.710 #77 (Jamaica)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 99.6% (Barbados), 98.7% (T & T), 93.1% (Jamaica), 88.4% (Guyana)
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.262 #69 (T & T), 0.297 #76 (Barbados), 0.358 #88 (Jamaica), 0.327 #82 (St. Lucia), 0.427 #109 (Guyana)

Do they have a T20 league? Yes. Women CPL.

Tournament Performance: 3/23 (1 Wins, 2 Runners-Up)

Bottom Line: Failure to qualify for the 2025 ODI World Cup marked a low note for the 2016 T20 World Cup winners and the 2022 ODI World Cup semi-finalists. The successes in the last decade would have inspired a new generation of players. Does the WI have systems in place to capitalize for this talent?

Potential Challenges: The need to widen talent pool and depth to match the dominance of Australia & England.

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“The MOU was signed by Cricket West Indies and the West Indies Players’ Association and set a clear path for West Indies cricket to achieve parity in international and regional match fees, international captain’s allowances, international team prize money and regional individual prize money for all West Indies cricketers by 1 October 2027.”

Goals

  • “Establishment of Key Performance Indicators for Territorial Boards linked to new funding model with clear minimum standards including dedicated support for women and girls programmes and high-performance programmes.”

Sources

7. Ireland ($1.75 Million)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 Increasing Investments, low resources
10-Year Investment Trajectory: Increased annual investment from €500,000 ($582,000) before 2019 to €1.5M ($1.75M). The investment will go towards player contracts and match fees, coaching and support staff, infrastructure, etc. In 10 years, about $15-20M can be invested in women’s cricket if they continue on this path.

Central & Domestic Contracts

  • 25 contracts (11 central, 9 educational, 5 casual)
  • Average Salary: $50,000-$75,000 (including match fees).

Highest Paid Irish WPL Player breakdown: Gaby Lewis was selected in The Hundred as an overseas wildcard in 2023, where salaries may be between £7,500-£15,000 ($10,000-$20,000). This means her annual salary that year could have been close to $60,000-$100,000.

Ireland’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 60.1%
  • WPSI: 0.892 (#13)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 99%
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.054 (#19)

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 0/23

Bottom Line: With high socioeconomic indices, Ireland shouldn’t have trouble progressing to the next level of professionalization in women’s cricket. The next step is to find more players that can consistently be selected in overseas T20 leagues to raise their standards.

Potential Challenges: They are investing well for their size, but they also need to think about widening their talent pool.

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Investment and Growth

  • 45% increase in women’s cricket investment (from 2016 to 2021)
  • 1,582 female cricketers registered across all levels
  • Funding: Received €70,000 from Sport Ireland for 2024, with €103,038 total expenditure after carryover.
  • Broadcast Boost: Virgin Media aired women’s internationals free-to-air for the first time; €60,000 allocated to televise the England series at Clontarf.
  • Professionalization: Entry into the ICC Women’s Championship (2021) led to the first full-time contracts for women.
  • Sponsorship: Certa renewed as main team sponsor.

Goals (by 2023)

  • Get Cricket to be in top 10 choice of sports for girls in Ireland
  • Achieve 50% increase in participation
  • Develop talent pool of accredited female coaches and officials

Sources

8. Pakistan

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 National investment in grassroots women’s cricket growing, the beginning of professionalization for women’s cricket in the country.
Investment Trajectory: Increased women cricket’s spending from 70M PKR ($249,000) to 240M PKR ($854,000).

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*$2,000-$12,500420,000 PKR ($1,495)
Number of Players20
(18 central, 2 emerging)
65
Match FeesN/A20,000 PKR/match
10,000 PKR (bench)
  • $1 = 281.04 PKR
  • Currently, a domestic Pakistan player can play upwards of 31 days of cricket in a year
  • The retainer salaries of Pakistan’s contracted players is not available. I’d expect it to be higher than their domestic salaries.

A number of players including Fatima Sana are in the upcoming WBBL draft. However, in the past, not Pakistan players have made it to the Hundred or WBBL teams.

Pakistan’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 24.3%
  • WPSI: 0.481 (#158)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 46.5%
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.536 (#145)

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 0/23

Bottom Line: Pakistan have started domestic contracts, which is a step in the right direction. However, domestic pay is too low to encourage widespread growth at the moment.

Potential Challenges: Overcoming cultural and socioeconomic challenges to increase awareness and promote more girls taking up sports. Pakistan needs an inspiring tournament run to motivate a generation.

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Highlights from 5-Year Plan (2019-23)

In the 2019-23 5-Year Plan, the PCB laid out their vision as follows:

  • Develop a National High Performance Center for women
  • Build infrastructure and development programs for female coaches
  • Ensure inclusion of women in reformed grassroots programs and integrate women’s cricket into the six Cricket Associations.

Pakistan’s 2025-26 domestic season includes tournaments for Women’s U-19 T20 Tournament, Inter-university tournaments, and National Women’s ODI and T20 tournaments signifying a step in the right direction.

Our Pathways structure continues to evolve with the aim of building a strong future for Pakistan women’s cricket. The U19 T20 tournament, followed by the tour to Bangladesh will offer young players valuable exposure and an opportunity to develop the skills required at the international level…We are also actively engaging in discussion with various departments to introduce a departmental tournament for women’s cricket. This initiative will provide additional playing opportunities for our women cricketers.”

– Rafia Haider, Head of Women’s Cricket

This PCB Podcast with Rafia Haider is a revelation, which shows the planning and vision PCB has women’s cricket.

Overview of Women’s Cricket in Pakistan

Socially, we have a limitation. We have been able to overcome these challenges, credit to PCB and support of parents...Progress has been made in the last couple of years especially with budgetary approvals, working on FTP, domestic setup add-ons. I am having a good time that I have an empowered role. We have domestic programs, 9 academies with dedicated support staff across Pakistan that works round the year…The rewards for best players have been enhanced. For our regional tournament, skills and fitness will be emphasized. We were lacking fitness standards, and this is a focus for us. Contracts will be based on fitness and performance...”

Create a Robust Inter-Collegiate Ecosystem

“Schools are non-existent (as development pool). Most of our players come from a handful of colleges and universities. The PCB has started new program for schools to register in and nominate their players (over 50 institutions have showed interest). Men’s cricket have clubs and street cricket. The goal is to create a proper inter-school and inter-collegiate tournaments. We are targeting U-15 and U-17 development to start off early that builds our U-19 pool…We are increasing number of series and engagements with international teams in both U-19 and national level…Merit based selection is key.”

Increasing Visibility

Until we increase visibility, we cannot increase engagement. Lack of awareness in women’s cricket can only be solved when our national stars become household names (ex: Sadia, Fatima, Diana who have broken the barrier). People appreciated our show in the Women’s WC Qualifiers. Projection is key, so families know that things can better. Trying to create positive engagement with current players via social media platforms so younger players to be part of the story.”

Domestic Infrastructure for Women’s Cricket

“HPC Karachi is dedicated for women’s cricket. Karachi stadium and facilities are available to women’s teams, U-19, and extended skill camps. We are working with the NCA to ensure additional support staff. We are also working with increasing stadium availability and intra-region practice matches. Coaching staff will engage within their districts and schools. We lack in the refereeing and coaching side. There are ex-players who have taken Level 2 & Level 3 coaching. We are trying to facilitate this with ICC and NCA to organize this. We are also increasing a focus on mixed refereeing.”

Message for the People

One thing that should change is the people’s attitude is bring their kids in. There is progress, but a lot more needs to come in. This is a societal effort, we need to realize that women’s sports is important. If you put your heart into it, hardwork is essential. Yes there are limitations in society and administration. We are trying our level best to bring cricket to their doorsteps, but people need to come forward as well.”

Rafia Haider (Translated)

It is evident that PCB are trying focus on developing U-19 talent with training & fitness camps, coaching development, and talent hunts for emerging players.

Sources

9. Bangladesh ($200,000-$300,000)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 Low player salary, but structures beginning to be put in place
Investment Trajectory: 30 domestic state contracts started this year.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*BDT 90,000 ($9,000)N/A
Maximum SalaryBDT 120,000 ($12,000)N/A
Number of Players1830
Match Fees$300 (ODIs)
$150 (T20Is)
N/A
  • 1 BDT = $0.01 ($1 = 121.67 BDT)
  • Salary Grades (Per Month): Grade A: BDT 120,000 ($1,000), Grade B: BDT 100,000 ($850), Grade C: BDT 70,000 ($600), Grade D: BDT 60,000 ($500)

Bangladesh player Salary breakdown: In 2024, Nigar Sultana played 6 ODIs and 19 T20Is, which earned her about $4,650 in match fees. Presuming that she has a Grade A contract, Sultana’s overall salary annually is between $17,000-$20,000.

Unfortunately, not many Bangladesh players have been selected for the WPL, WBBL, and the Hundred.

Bangladesh’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 0/23

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 44.2%
  • WPSI: 0.593 (#131)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 72%
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.487 (#125)

Bottom Line: Bangladesh are showing signs of professionalizing, but need to elevate to the next level. If they produce 2-3 more world class players who get into the WPL/Hundred/WBBL drafts, then that can change the perspective of women’s cricket in Bangladesh.

Potential Challenges: Pay may be too low for aspiring women’s cricketers to devote a career into the sport.

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“The women’s national contract is similar to the first-class players’ contract for male cricketers. The board has decided to introduce this in an effort to provide financial stability to a large pool of women cricketers. Thirty cricketers, who are not a part of the central contract, have been placed in the women’s national contract…”

Sources

10. Sri Lanka ($16,500-$100,000)

Women’s Cricket Health: 🟠 Lower paid, just started professionalizing
Investment Trajectory: A 23,855,000 LKR ($78,667) “ICC Women’s Cricket Financial Grant” was provided to SLC for 2023.

Central & Domestic Contracts

CategoryCentral ContractsDomestic State Contracts
Average Salary*2,400,000 LKR ($7,915)N/A
Maximum Salary3,600,000 LKR ($11,872)N/A
Number of Players2515
Match Fees$750/match
$250 bonus for matches won
N/A
  • $1 = 303.24 LKR
  • National Contracts are divided in Grades A-D, but the amounts are not specified (salaries may range from 100,000 LKR to 300,000 LKR).
  • *Emerging players earn a ‘fixed monthly rate and an attendance allowance’

Highest Paid Sri Lankan WPL Player breakdown: Chamari Athapaththu earns approximately $226,741 annually before sponsorships and other awards:

  • $86,539 (£65,000): The Hundred
  • ~ $71,671 ($110,000 AUD): WBBL, pre-signed
  • $34,159 (30 Lakh INR): WPL
  • $22,500: Match Fees (9 ODIs, 21 T20Is in 2024)
  • $11,872: Central Contract

Sri Lanka’s Women’s Socioeconomic Metrics

  • Female Labor Force Participation: 31.6%
  • WPSI: 0.743 (#60)
  • Female Literacy Rate: 91.6%
  • Global Inequality Index: 0.367 (#93)

Do they have a T20 league? No.

Tournament Performance: 0/23

Bottom Line: Sri Lanka have the heart, but the structure is just not there yet. I hope that the 2024 Asia Cup win inspired the next generation of talent so Sri Lanka are in a safer place after Athapaththu retires

Potential Challenges: Raising domestic salaries to professionalize the sport is the most important challenge Sri Lanka must overcome.

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Recent Growth

  • Hired Assistant Coach and two consultants/mentors for Women’s National Team
  • 14 women umpires selected in their umpire recruitment drive
  • Tournament Committee invited 15 domestic clubs to create an invitational women’s 50-over tournament

Income from Women’s Cricket (2022-23)

  • From inbound tours: 55,103,073 LKR ($181,714)
  • From outbound tours: 33,390,279 LKR ($110,112)

Sources:

Zimbabwe, Scotland and Afghanistan

USA, Netherlands, Thailand, and the UAE women’s teams are also teams that may rise in the next couple of decades.

Sources: Initiative to support women’s cricketers of Afghanistan, Zimbabwe Cricket 2024-25 Annual Report

Other Sources: Female Labor Force Participation Rate vs GDP per Capita, 2024, Women, Peace, and Security Index, Female Literacy Rate, McKinsey’s Study on Women’s Sports, Australian Sports Foundation Funding, General Inequality Index (GII) by United Nationals Human Development, FICA Women’s Professional Cricket Global Employment Report 2022

Final Thoughts: Where Does Women’s Cricket Go from Here?

Aside from the lack of marketing and rain, the 2025 ODI World Cup marks another milestone with a record $13.88 million prize money. It reflects how much the women’s game has grown in visibility and value since the successful 2017 and 2020 World Cups.

Women’s cricket is no longer.a niche sport.

However, unless more countries 10x their investments in women cricket (and maybe the ICC needs to help out), Australia & England will almost always be in the finals and two out of South Africa-West Indies-India-New Zealand will complete the rest of the semi-finalists.

I am hopeful of Ireland, Scotland, and Sri Lanka rising up the ranks, but only time will tell.

For now, let’s admire Australia’s dominance and let it remind us what long-term planning can achieve in women’s cricket.

****

Thank you for reading.

If you like this article on Economics in Cricket, you may enjoy these articles as well.

If you like content on women’s cricket, you may enjoy:

BCD#403 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 10/26/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Broken Cricket Dreams with appropriate and specific direction to the original content (i.e. linked to the exact post/article).

Watching Pujara Bat Was Poetry in Motion. Quietly Unforgettable, Pujara Retires.

The sun rises. The wind whistles.

The bowler runs in and releases the ball.

It reaches Pujara. Pujara leaves.

Tick. Tock. Tick. Tock.

****

The sun now shines brightly. The bowler sweats.

Another delivery, Pujara defends.

The fielders glance at the sky. Spectators snap their fingers.

Tick. Tock. Tick. Tock.

****

You step away from the cricket and take a walk.

Flowers drift with the breeze, river streams glisten. Even inside, you can hear each droplet of water as you wash the dishes, the TV humming softly in the background.

Back on the field, applause drifts across the stands. Commentators fill the silence. You begin to notice the shades of grass, the cracks on the pitch, the shape of the umpire’s hat.

Hours pass. The sun begins to set.

Friends catch up over a beer, rivals turn partners, families reunite.

The bowlers are still running in. And Cheteshwar Pujara is still there.

Block. A single. A couple of runs. A four down the ground. Block again.

Tick. Tock. Tick. Tock.

****

Cheteshwar Pujara could make you feel time and cricket in its purest form.

The crisp sound of his defensive stroke striking the middle of the willow had a beauty of its own.

You might not be glued to your screens for every ball, but you knew: as long as he was there, Team India was safe.

That safety net is now gone. Pujara has officially retired. In his own words, “All good things must come to an end.”

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The Day Pujara Arrived – My First Memory

I vividly recall Pujara’s debut in 2010. In a tense second-innings chase of 207, he was sent in at #3 while Rahul Dravid was dropped down the order.

Pujara scored 72 (129) at a strike rate of 80.89. In that moment, I thought to myself, India had found an absolute gem.

At the same time, it felt like the beginning of the end for Rahul Dravid, my favorite player growing up (Here is the first article I ever wrote, What Rahul Dravid Taught Me).

The passing of the torch was happening in real time.

The Dawn of the Pujara Decade

Later that year in South Africa, Pujara struggled against the pace and bounce. However, after the horrors of 0-8 in 2011 and the retirements of Laxman and Dravid, he roared back into the side in 2012.

Between August 2012 and March 2013, Pujara score 159, 206*, 135, and 204 against New Zealand, England, and Australia, cementing his place in the team for a decade to come.

He continued delivering memorable knocks over the next four years: 153 at Johannesburg, carrying in bat with a 145* in Colombo, 202 at Ranchi, and a string of hundreds against Sri Lanka in 2017.

By the end of 2017, the 29-year old Pujara had played 53 Tests, averaging 53.38.

Pujara’s Annus Mirabilis – Australia’s Nightmare, His Masterpiece

In 1905, Albert Einstein published papers on photoelectric effect, special relativity, Brownian motion, and e=mc^2, all in a single year. Such a feat is called a scientists’ Annus Mirabilis or “miracle year.”

Sir Isaac Newton had his miracle year in 1665-1666 (calculus, laws of motion, gravity). Marie Curie discovered polonium and radium in 1898, Ramanujan revolutionized partitions and prime numbers in 1919-20, Usain Bolt and Michael Phelps dominated 2008, and Sachin Tendulkar owned 1998.

For Cheteshwar Pujara, it was the 2018-19 Border-Gavaskar series.

Australia is notoriously a graveyard for visiting sides, especially Asian teams. India came close in 2003-04 with a 1-1 draw, but a series win remained elusive.

Against Cummins, Starc, Hazlewood, and Lyon in their prime, Pujara’s performances were nothing short of heroic: From 3/19, Pujara’s 123 at Adelaide revived India, followed it up with a 71 (204) in the second innings, a Boxing day century at the MCG, and a 193-run epic in Sydney.

After facing 1258 balls, scoring 521 runs with 3 centuries, he deservedly won the Player of the Series award in India’s historic 2-1 victory.

Pujara carried India on his shoulders in that series, cementing his place in the pantheon of legends in Indian cricket.

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Border-Gavaskar Trophy 2020-21: The Series That Defined Grit

The next tour was not as prolific for Pujara, but he was every bit as instrumental.

He would score 271 runs off 928 balls. No hundreds, and three of his own slowest fifties. Yet he hung in there, took the body blows, and helped India edge to a 2-1 victory once again, coming back from 36/9.

An unlikely triumph, one of the most memorable in recent history.

Also Read: India Vs Australia Series Review 2020-21: The Greatest Story of Them All? Better Than Ashes 2005? Top 10 Life Lessons From India Vs Australia 2020

The Unlikely Allies, Pujara and Pant

Staying at the crease and building partnerships was Pujara’s greatest strength. While he was at the crease, India scored 53471 runs.

He forged partnerships with Murali Vijay, Ajinkya Rahane, and of course, Virat Kohli. But my favorite was the Pujara-Pant partnership.

Yin and Yang, bullet train and freight train, cheetah and sloth. No matter the analogy you choose, their unlikely pairing was perfectly in sync.

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Did Pujara Fulfill His Potential?

The 2023 WTC Final, where India lost its second consecutive title, would be his last Test. In the final four years, Pujara averaged 20.37, 28.08, 45.44, and 25.85, dropping his career average from a peak of 67.63 (after 16 Tests) to 43.6.

Pujara-Kohli-Rahane were meant to succeed Dravid-Tendulkar-Laxman. They all had their moments, a few prolific years, but it ended far too soon.

Rahane did not make it to 100 Tests, and Kohli fell 770 runs short of the 10K club. While Pujara crossed the 100-Test milestone, played 13 years, and scored 7195 runs, he faced 15,041 fewer balls than Dravid.

But numbers tell only part of the story. He batted in an era of challenging pitches where top-order batters struggled worldwide. Yet, he conquered the mighty Australians, not once, but twice.

And no one can ever take that away from him.

Also Read: Top 60 Greatest Indian Cricketers

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The Last of His Kind

Rahul Dravid’s ESPNCricinfo profile begins with “Rahul Dravid was probably one of the last classical Test match batters.”

He was a rare breed but was not alone: Chanderpaul, Younis Khan, Graeme Smith, Sangakkara stood alongside him. Later came Cook, Trott, Elgar, Azhar Ali, and yes, Pujara.

Although Root and Williamson carry on the tradition of Test match batting, their style blends the old with the modern.

But with Pujara’s retirement, it feels like the cricket world has truly witnessed the last of the classical Test batters.

The end of an era.

What Cheteshwar Pujara Taught Me

We live in a world of Reels and TikToks, where watching a 15-second clip seems too long, a 45-minute class boring, and a five-year career? Unfathomable.

In a world of instant gratification, Pujara reminds me that old-school values still matter.

Resilience. Patience. Grit. These words immediately spring to mind when you think of Pujara. His relationship with time was beyond imagination. The ability to have a long-term vision, while making every moment count.

What Will I Remember the Most?

Apart from the Australia series and the partnerships, I will remember Pujara’s cut shots, and movement against spin. Speaking of spin, a word on Nathan Lyon.

Nathan Lyon vs Pujara was one of our generation’s greatest contests. One of the finest off-spinners of all-time tried every trick, and all Pujara does is dance down the wicket, and pad him away. Something I will never forget.

I highly recommend watching the first season of The Ashes. The Australians saw so much of Pujara that he broke them mentally and physically. I will leave you with some quotes from that web series:

This man just “Bats, and Bats, and bats.”

“Pujara, to a younger generation, is almost a curiosity. As the game moves more and more towards T20, the savior of our game, the word ‘resilience’ starts to go out, because there is no time for resilience.”

– Harsha Bhogle

“Pujara is old school, he’s a classic Test match batsman.”

– Peter Lalor

****

Thank you for reading! If you liked this, you may enjoy reading in the Tributes and Biographies section.

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BCD#402 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 09/28/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Broken Cricket Dreams with appropriate and specific direction to the original content (i.e. linked to the exact post/article).

Cricket’s Prisoner’s Dilemma: By Trying to Save Test Cricket, the Big 3 Are Killing It for Everyone Else

At the end of one of an absorbing India-England Test series, Nasser Hussain reflected,

“It would be lovely to just look at this here this week and go, why do we complain, why do we worry about Test match cricket?

…Why do people knock this format? It is just so wonderful, but I am afraid, other countries don’t have the luxury that England, India, Australia have…So, we and India and Australia have to keep an eye on the future of Test match cricket. If we let this go, we are not doing the game a service…We need to keep an eye on this and keep pushing it forward and look after those who are not as fortunate.”

Nasser Hussain

It is a beautiful sentiment, and most fans would likely agree, Nasser.

But it is also paradoxical.

This is probably not the ideal week to bring this up—not after five gripping Tests, packed crowds, and an absolute bonkers of a finish. But here is the uncomfortable truth:

In trying to save Test cricket, the Big 3 may be unintentionally suffocating it.

The Narrative that ‘Test Cricket Is Dying’ is Hurting the Game

Each time the Ashes, the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, or an India-England series rolls around, we hear the same recycled narrative: “Test Cricket is in Danger.”

But is it really?

The love for the format was evident in the World Test Championship final, with South Africa showcasing their quality and a neutral English crowd adding to the occasion.

Test cricket is thriving, at least in England, Australia, and India.

And that’s precisely the problem. In their effort to protect and profit from the format, the Big 3 have increasingly started playing exclusively amongst themselves.

The spectators get quality Test cricket, packed stadiums, polished broadcasts, and high TV ratings. The format “stays alive.”

The Never-Ending Tri-Series

At this point, Test cricket has morphed into a never-ending tri-series between India, England, and Australia.

  • ENG in IND (Nov 16-Feb 17)
  • AUS in IND (Feb-Mar 17)
  • IND in ENG (Jul-Sept 18)
  • ENG in AUS (Nov 17-Jan 18)
  • IND in AUS (Nov 18-Jan 19)
  • AUS in ENG (Aug-Sep 19)
  • IND in ENG (Aug-Sept 21/22)
  • IND in AUS (Nov 20-Jan 21)
  • ENG in IND (Feb-Mar 21)
  • ENG in AUS (Dec 21-Jan 22)
  • AUS in IND (Feb-Mar 23)
  • AUS in ENG (Jun-Jul 23)
  • ENG in IND (Jan-Mar 24)
  • IND in AUS (Nov 24-Jan 25)
  • IND in ENG (Jun-Aug 25)
  • ENG in AUS (Nov 25-Jan 26)

Whoever said it was right.

India vs England is prep for the upcoming Ashes. Just like the Ashes will be prep for the next BGT.

Meanwhile, the rest of the world waits:

  • Zimbabwe have not toured Australia for a Test series since 2003.
  • Australia last played a Test against Bangladesh in 2017.
  • England did not tour Sri Lanka between 2012 and 2018.
  • India last visited New Zealand 2-match Test series in February 2020 before the pandemic. That feels ages ago.
  • Even the popular NZ-Eng series hasn’t seen a four-Test series since 1999.

And these are just a few examples.

The Game Theory Problem: Everyone for Themselves

The Prisoner’s Dilemma is a classic game theory problem, a study of how rational decisions made in self-interest can lead to worse outcomes for everyone involved.

Imagine two individuals who are both accused of a crime and interrogated separately. Each has two choices: stay silent (cooperate) or betray the other (defect):

  • If both stay silent, they get out with light sentences (let’s say 1 year each).
  • If one defects while the other stays silent, the defector goes free (0 years) while the other gets a heavy sentence (10 years).
  • If they both defect, they each serve moderate time (3 years).

Logically, each person would want to defect to avoid the worst-case scenario. But when both individuals make the ‘rational’ choice, they end up worse off than if they had trusted each other. And that’s the dilemma:

Acting in self-interest leads to a collectively worse outcome, even when cooperation would have helped them both.

Cooperation Requires Sacrifice, but Cricket’s Not Designed for It

We have all criticized the ICC at one point or another.

But let’s give them some grace. Unlike other global sporting bodies, the ICC isn’t a centralized power.

Cricket is not a single unified business. Rather, it is network of competing bodies trying to protect their self-interests with the ICC acting as a mediator. Consider the Test-playing nations:

That’s 50+ separate individual business entities, each trying to show profits, satisfy sponsors, and keep their board of directors happy.

Now, in theory, this can work. Money is not a zero-sum game, and multiple businesses can succeed together.

However, cricket has two unavoidable constraints:

  • The calendar: There are only so many days of the year and even fewer in a cricket summer seasons are even shorter.
  • The players: Unlike soccer, where there is a plethora of international quality athletes, cricket keeps copying and pasting the same pool of global T20 stars (think Rashid Khan, Pooran, Klaasen, Faf, Russell, etc.).

And when everyone’s fighting for the same weeks and the same set of players, it turns into Survival of the Fittest, a capitalistic model where some thrive but at the expense of the others.

Supply and Demand: The Big 3 Leagues are Draining the World’s Talent

England and Australia have short cricket summers, which means cramming Tests, County, bilateral series, and T20 leagues in a tight window.

The impact?

We rarely see the stars like Steve Smith or Mitchell Starc playing a full season of Big Bash or Ben Stokes playing in The Hundred.

Here’s the catch: The Big Bash and The Hundred and the individual franchises still need to maintain profitability. So what do they do?

They import talent. They poach the West Indians, South Africans, Kiwis, Pakistanis, and beyond to elevate the standard of their own leagues.

While England, Australia, and India try to ‘preserve Test cricket’ at home, their T20 leagues drain the talent pipelines of Test cricket elsewhere.

The smaller nations have a supply of great talent, but they don’t have the financial strength to retain them. These players have to go where the demand is: The IPL, Big Bash, MLC, The Hundred, SA20, ILT20.

But wait, Cricket West Indies, PCB, CSA, NZC, they all need to make money too, right?

To survive in the limited calendar, they have to make tough choices: Launching their own T20 leagues, trimming down Test tours due to cost and scheduling clashes, and squeezing random bilateral ODI series with India to stay financially afloat.

This creates a cascading effect: (1) oversaturation of cricket, (2) early Pooran-esque retirements, (3) higher injury risks, and (4) growing friction between players and their boards.

A graphic of the cycle of modern Test cricket that leads into the narrative that Test cricket is dying.

The Vicious Cycle of Modern Test Cricket

We can summarize the vicious cycle of modern Test cricket that we have know become accustomed to.

1. Big 3 Dominate the Calendar

India, England, and Australia pack their summers with high-profile Test series, leaving no room for their stars in domestic T20 leagues (except for the IPL)

2. Top Players are Poached from Smaller Nations

Leagues like the BBL and The Hundred fill the gaps by importing talent from smaller nations.

3. Smaller Boards Cut Tests to Survive

With finances tight, smaller boards prioritize limited over bilateral and launch their own leagues, but are unable to retain their players.

    4. Test Quality Drops Justifying More Big 3 Series

    Then, once in a blue moon, an Australia visits a West Indian side and completely decimates it. The “Test cricket is dying” narrative returns, reinforcing the idea that only the Big 3 can keep the format alive.

    And so, the vicious cycle continues.

    Also Read: How Much Wealth Does it Take to Win? Cricket, Olympics, and the Economics of Sport Dominance

    Final Thoughts: The Big 3 Didn’t Mean to Kill It. But They Are

    As fans, we want it all—packed stadiums in the Caribbean, epic five-Test rivalries, a thriving County game, an entertaining IPL season, the Poorans & Klaasens lighting up the 2026 T20 World Cup, an ODI game that still provides finishes like the 2019 WC Finals, return of the Champions League T20, room for Associates to grow, and much more.

    Unfortunately, with a finite cricket calendar, a limited player pool, and every board, franchise, and broadcasters all acting rationally in their own self-interest, something has to give.

    The Big 3 claim to be protecting Test cricket, but what have they actually sacrificed?

    England won’t even consider the idea of a two-tier WTC because they might not even qualify for the top tier and risk the money that comes with playing Australia or India (A little sacrifice and $37 million dollar might fix the WTC problem, but that’s another story).

    In trying to save the sport, the Big 3 may actually be suffocating the life out of it.

    Sometimes, a little cooperation and a small sacrifice is all it takes.

    BCD#401 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 08/07/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Broken Cricket Dreams with appropriate and specific direction to the original content (i.e. linked to the exact post/article).

    This Wasn’t the Dream, But Maybe It’s Something Better: 400 Articles Later, This is Why I Write

    I finally got around to watching the cult classic, Field of Dreams last month, and I haven’t stopped thinking about it ever since.

    It’s a story of broken baseball dreams. Of author Terence Mann. Of Archie “Moonlight” Graham, who played only one professional match and never got a chance to bat.

    But more than anything, it is a story of sports and life. And a son and his dad. (If you haven’t watched it, go do that. Now. Trust me, you’ll shed a tear or two).

    Watching it reminded me of why I started writing in the first place, back in June 2020 in the middle of the pandemic.

    One random afternoon, my brother said, “Why don’t you write about cricket? You talk about it all the time. You used to enjoy writing essays in college. And you had a broken dream. I have an idea—You should start a blog and call it ‘Broken Cricket Dreams.’”

    That was it. That’s how BCD was born.

    Five years, 400 posts, and 685,500 words later, I am still writing.

    Just like in our 200th Article Special which was filled with music from Frank Sinatra to John Lennon, this one is shaped by movie quotes.

    1. “Words And Ideas Can Change the World…What Will Your Verse Be?”

    Movie: Dead Poets Society (1989)

    “No matter what anybody tells you, words and ideas can change the world.

    We don’t read and write poetry because it is cute. We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion.

    Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.’

    [Walt Whitman’s Poetry] ‘…That you are here. That life exists. An identity. The powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse.’

    What will your verse be?”

    Reflection #1

    I think about this quote often.

    In school, we were always sorted into boxes. You were either a “math or science” kid or a “literature and humanities” kid. I was placed in the STEM category, went on to study mathematics, and now work with computer technology.

    But there was always another side. I liked geography. Loved music. Shakespeare and the Greek writers moved me.

    Maybe I never had to choose just one. Maybe what makes life rich is the mix of the ‘noble pursuits’ that keep life going and the poetry that gives it meaning.

    Because words and ideas can change the world. Sometimes, they start revolutions. Other times, they quietly shift the way someone sees things.

    Dead Poets Society is in itself a work of art that changed the way I view society. And what a soulful performance by the late Robin Williams. Those speeches stayed with me since middle school.

    Oh captain, my captain. Whatever my verse will be, I just hope it is honest.

    2. “If You Build It, He Will Come.”

    Movie: Field of Dreams (1989)


    “The one constant through all these years Ray, has been baseball….

    America…it’s been erased like a blackboard. Rebuilt and erased again. But baseball has marked the time.

    This field, this game, it’s part of our past, Ray. It reminds us of all that once was good. And it could be again…Oh, people will come Ray. People will most definitely come.” 

    Reflection #2

    This quote teaches me two things.

    One: sports transcends boundaries. What baseball is to the US, soccer is to Brazil, and cricket is to India—these sports are a cultural heartbeat that connects folks from different walks of life.

    Two: “If you build it, they will come” applies to more than just a ghostly baseball fantasy. It holds true in any business. If you do the groundwork and make something worthwhile, people will come.

    For me, that was the blog. For years, I felt like I was writing into the oblivion. But now, people have started to come. And I am grateful for every connection this journey has brought me.

    3. “Is This Heaven? No, It’s Iowa.”

    Movie: Field of Dreams (1989)

    “Is there a heaven? Oh yeah…It’s where dreams come true.

    ….Maybe, this is heaven.”

    Reflection #3

    This one hits especially close. I spent four years in Iowa and looking back, those were some of the best years of my life. That place shaped me in ways I am still discovering.

    We are always chasing the next thing—the next degree, job, or milestone. But sometimes, if we just stop for a moment and look around, we realize that maybe this is enough. Maybe, this, indeed, is heaven.

    And the final scene from Field of Dreams? Still gets me every time.

    4. “Let me speak endlessly, kindly. And even by accident—Let no harm come from my words.”

    Movie: Anand (1971)

    “Mann ko aashirvaad Baba. Jo sada hasta rahe.

    Main Kabhi chup na rahun. Bolta rahun. Beshumar Bolun. Achha Bolun.

    Galti se bhi burai na nikle mere moon se.”

    Translation

    “Bless my heart, old sage. That I shall always laugh.

    Let me never be silent. Let me speak endlessly, kindly.

    And even by accidentLet no harm come from my words.”

    Reflection #4

    One of the most beautiful moments of Hindi cinema.

    Anand, a man going through terminal illness, chooses to live with joy even while knowing that his days are numbered. And when he asks for blessings, he doesn’t pray for healing, but for the strength to keep spreading light until his last breath.

    That’s a motto I’d like to live by.

    5. “Each Man’s Life Touches So Many Other Lives.”

    Movie: It’s a Wonderful Life (1946)

    “Strange, isn’t it? Each man’s life touches so many other lives. And when he isn’t around…it leaves an awful hole, doesn’t it?”

    Reflection #5

    I will keep writing. Some pieces might spark something in a reader just enough for them to feel that they are not the only one. Others won’t. But that’s okay, I’ll keep writing anyway.

    It’s A Wonderful Life reminds me how precious life really is and not to take any of it for granted. We are all here for a reason and our words, work, or even a passing conversation can have an impact far beyond what we’ll ever realize.

    So, Why Do I Write?

    Sometimes my brain gets overcrowded. I am wrestling with my thoughts, going through internal debates. It can get muddled up there pretty quickly.

    Writing helps me sort through it. It brings me clarity. Sometimes, I don’t even know what I’m really thinking until I write it down. My favorite days are the ones where I start with a pre-conceived notion and over the course of research and a few edits, my own viewpoint shifts completely.

    In a way, every piece is its own journey of self-discovery.

    ****

    I never thought I’d be a writer. But it turns out this is the one thing that brings me real flow. Maybe even more than watching or playing cricket itself.

    When I am writing, I lose track of time. It’s well past midnight as I write this. I should sleep, but well, I’m still here trying to tie all the loose ends together.

    This wasn’t the dream. But maybe, it’s something even better.

    The freedom to think, to express whatever I want, whenever I want. To be able to share it with the world, and more than anything, to have a family that supports me no matter what.

    Maybe, this is heaven.

    ****

    Thank you all for reading and supporting over these past few years. I appreciate you all.

    Before you Go, Consider Supporting and buying my book on Amazon!

    Amazon Link: Power Play: 10 Life Lessons from the Sport of Cricket: Border Gavaskar Trophy 2020-21 Edition

    If You Enjoyed This Article, You May Enjoy These Philosophical Movie Cricket Pieces:

    BCD#400 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 07/11/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Broken Cricket Dreams with appropriate and specific direction to the original content (i.e. linked to the exact post/article).

    Exclusive Interview with Wiaan Mulder: “I’m Not Here to Break Records. I’m Here to Confuse Future Cricket Historians.”

    BULAWAYO, ZIM—In a move that stunned fans, broke Twitter, baffled statisticians, and visibly aged every commentator in the box, South African makeshift captain & No. 3 Wiaan Mulder inexplicably declared the innings on 367* at Lunch on Day 2. He later explained that he “never liked the idea of being remembered,” and the only reason he scored so many runs in the first place was to “confuse generations of future cricket historians.”

    Although Mulder publicly stated that he stopped short of the 400* record out of respect for the legendary Brian Lara, our exclusive interview revealed a far more complicated reality.

    The Declaration Heard Around the World

    Announcement to the Reader:

    “We like to ask the tough questions. The ones that have puzzled mankind for centuries:

    Did aliens build the Pyramids? Are we alone in this vast Universe? What’s in the Bermuda Triangle?

    And most importantly….Why did Wiaan Mulder Declare on 367*?
    Today, we ask the man himself.”

    BCD: “Spill it. Why did you really declare?”

    Mulder: “Not gonna say.”

    BCD: “For nearly three hours after the declaration, we sat on the edge of our seats, waiting for an explanation. Social media was in meltdown mode. Was it a possible weather alert? Over-rate fines? A silent protest? Or did you just….get bored? What was it, Wiaan? We deserve the truth.”

    Mulder: “You don’t wanna know.”

    BCD: “Try me.”

    Mulder: “It wasn’t a cricketing decision. It was a situational call.”

    BCD: “Situational?”

    Mulder: “Situation being….I may or may not have gotten a stomach bug…and let’s just say, I had to use the restroom for more than 30 minutes.”

    BCD: “So…it wasn’t Lara?”

    Mulder: “No, no. Of course it was Lara. I was watching the Wimbledon during lunch and caught a glimpse of him in the crowd. And it reminded me…the great Brian Lara still walks among us.”

    BCD: “You were watching Wimbledon while you were in the toilet?”

    Mulder: “That’s besides the point.”

    BCD: “But why retire on 367?”

    Mulder: “367 is a prime number. There was something beautiful, poetic about that.”

    BCD: “So now are a math enthusiast too? Alright then, explain this: Why stop short of Lara’s 400, but not Hashim Amla’s 311*? You were on 307 before those back-to-back boundaries…and 307 is also prime.”

    Mulder: “Yeah…I have been living with that mistake ever since lunch. Should’ve stopped at 307. Got carried away. Guess I had one too many beers this morning.”

    BCD: “Alright then. But you were on 367!”

    Mulder: “Some days you average 26.20. Other days, you score 367. Just the law of averages. Nothing more.”

    BCD: “But 400 was right there. Why not go all the way or at least attempt to? Won’t you regret it? Records are meant to be broken. How will the sport progress otherwise?”

    Mulder: “I knew I was close to a record. That’s when I knew it was time to walk away.”

    Pause. Mulder takes a deep breath.

    “Besides, breaking 400 would have skewed my Test average too much. I didn’t want to challenge Sobers, Lara, and Bradman on the same day.”

    BCD: “You’re saying you declared for statistical balance?”

    Mulder: “I am saying…I never liked the idea of being remembered. But I do like the idea of some poor cricket analyst 30 years from now looking at the scorecard and going, “Wait, what?”

    And just as I was about to ask my next question, Mulder gazed into the distance, channeled his inner Juliet, and began to speak. Everything slowed down.

    Mulder (continued):

    “What’s in a number?

    Everything in the world is temporary.

    Records fade. Players retire. Names blur.

    But confusion? Confusion sticks.”

    BCD: “What does that even mean?”

    Mulder: “Exactly.”

    ****

    Before I could wrap up the interview and tie loose ends, Mulder stood up, dropped his mic, and vanished into the corridor in the most Mulder fashion. No explanation. He left behind an unfinished cup of tea, a stunned reporter, and a world still trying to make a sense of it all.

    Sources say that Mulder plans to retire with 799 wickets, 99 hundreds, a Test average of 99.91, and a business startup with Brian Charles Lara called Legacy Records.

    ****

    A Personal Reflection

    In all seriousness, what a wonderful knock by Wiaan Mulder. Scoring a triple century with a 100+ strike rate and then coming out to bowl is out of this world!

    What an achievement. You’re a legend in my eyes, Wiaan.

    I hope this is just the beginning of many more moments of glory to come.
    And I hope South African cricket continues to rise like it has over the past few days with spirit, class, and belief.

    Also, credit where it’s due: Mulder gave a wonderfully grounded interview to Shaun Pollock after the day’s play.

    My Own Reactions

    I’ll leave you with a few of my tweets from this morning when I was losing my mind with the declaration.

    ****

    This article was inspired by the writing style of The Onion.

    Thank you all for reading. Please support by subscribing!

    If You Enjoyed this, You May Enjoy Some of My Other Satire Work:

    For other South African cricket articles, you may like:

    #BCD399 © Copyright @Nitesh Mathur and Broken Cricket Dreams, LLC 2023. Originally published on 07/07/2025. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear